1. Hexadecimal Numbers
| Hex Digit | Decimal Equivalent | Binary Equivalent | |
| 0 | 0 | 0000 | |
| 1 | 1 | 0001 | |
| 2 | 2 | 0010 | |
| 3 | 3 | 0011 | |
| 4 | 4 | 0100 | |
| 5 | 5 | 0101 | |
| 6 | 6 | 0110 | |
| 7 | 7 | 0111 | |
| 8 | 8 | 1000 | |
| 9 | 9 | 1001 | |
| A | 10 | 1010 | |
| B | 11 | 1011 | |
| C | 12 | 1100 | |
| D | 13 | 1101 | |
| E | 14 | 1110 | |
| F | 15 | 1111 |
1) Base 16
2) Shorthand for binary
3) Hexadecimal to Binary Conversion
-Hexadecimal to binary conversion:
=> Convert 4AF (also written 0x4AF) to binary
0100 1010 1111
-Hexadecimal to decimal conversion:
=> Convert 0x4AF to decimal
4*16^2+10*16^1+15*1=1199
2. Bits, Bytes, Nibbles
1) Bits

2) Bytes & Nibbles

3) Bytes

3. Large Powers of Two

1MB
1048576 Byte? in the case of dealing with some binary numbers
1000000 Byte? when digital circuits
4. Estimating Powers of Two

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